Languages Of The Iberian Peninsula: Personal Pronouns

Iberian languages personal pronouns comparison

Languages Of The Iberian Peninsula: Personal Pronouns

Compare how to say personal pronouns like I, you, he, she, we, you plural and they across English, Portuguese, Galician, Mirandese, Asturian, Spanish, Aragonese, Catalan and Aranese. Use the language pills, search filter, table/cards view and 2-column mode to explore patterns and similarities.

? How to use this guide

Use the search box to find a pronoun or form in any language. Then use the language chips or 2-column tool to focus on a specific pair, such as Portuguese and Galician, Spanish and Aragonese, or Catalan and Aranese.

I What this page compares

This page compares useful subject and address pronouns in Portuguese, Galician, Mirandese, Asturian, Spanish, Aragonese, Catalan and Aranese, with English as the reference column.

Search by English, Portuguese, Galician, Mirandese, Asturian, Spanish, Aragonese, Catalan or Aranese.

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I Personal pronouns across Iberian languages

English Portuguese Galician Mirandese Asturian Spanish Aragonese Catalan Aranese
I eu eu you yo yo yo jo jo
you (singular informal) tu, você ti tu tu tú tú tu tu
you (singular formal m.) o senhor vostede usté / vusté — usted vusté vostè vosté
you (singular formal f.) a senhora vostede usté / vusté — usted vusté vostè vosté
he ele el el él / elli él él ell eth
she ela ela eilha ella ella ella ella era
we (masculine) nós nós / nosoutros nós nós / nosotros nosotros nusatras nosaltres nosati
we (feminine) nós nós / nosoutras nós nós / nosotres nosotras nusatras nosaltres nosates
you (plural informal m.) vocês vós / vosoutros bós vós / vosotros vosotros vusatros vosaltres vosati
you (plural informal f.) vocês vós / vosoutras bós vós / vosotres vosotras vusatras vosaltres vosates
you (plural formal m.) os senhores vostedes ustedes / vustedes — ustedes vustés vostès —
you (plural formal f.) as senhoras vostedes ustedes / vustedes — ustedes vustés vostès —
they (masculine) eles eles eilhes ellos ellos els/ellos ells eri
they (feminine) elas elas eilhas elles ellas ellas elles eres

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✧ Patterns to notice

Informal and formal “you” This table is especially useful because it separates informal and formal address, including forms like tu, você, vostede, usted, vusté, vostè and vosté.
Gendered plural forms Several languages distinguish masculine and feminine forms for “we”, “you plural” and “they”, such as nosotros/nosotras and vosati/vosates.
Catalan and Aranese links Catalan and Aranese are useful to compare closely: jo/jo, tu/tu, nosaltres/nosati, vosaltres/vosati and elles/eres.
Portuguese politeness forms Portuguese stands out with polite forms such as o senhor, a senhora, os senhores and as senhoras.

◎ Quick facts

13
13 pronoun rowsSingular, plural, formal and informal pronouns are compared side by side.
8
8 Iberian varietiesPortuguese, Galician, Mirandese, Asturian, Spanish, Aragonese, Catalan and Aranese.
⌕
Interactive study toolsSearch, cards, language chips and focused 2-column comparison.

? Iberian personal pronouns FAQ

What does this page compare?

It compares personal pronouns in English, Portuguese, Galician, Mirandese, Asturian, Spanish, Aragonese, Catalan and Aranese.

Why are there several forms of “you”?

Many Iberian languages distinguish between informal and formal address, and some also distinguish masculine and feminine plural forms.

Which pronouns are especially useful for beginners?

The most useful rows to learn first are I, you singular informal, he, she, we and they.

How should I use this comparison?

Start with the full table, then use the language chips or 2-column comparison tool to focus on pairs such as Portuguese-Galician, Spanish-Aragonese, Catalan-Aranese or Spanish-Catalan.